References

Adejumo, A. A., Aderounmu, A. F., Olajiire-Ajayi, B. L., & Kolade, R. I. (2018). Prevalence forest offences and combating challenges in Ogun State forestry service, Nigeria. Journal of Forestry Research and Management, 15(1), 51–65.
Azizan, M. U., Bing, T. S., Mohd Raid, M., Mohammad, M. T. S., Hussin, K., Megat Abd Rahman, M. M. G., & Nadzri, M. I. (2017). Conflicting role of land office and forestry department: A comparative discussion regarding to forest offences prevention in Malaysia. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 15(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.15.1.11-19
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Conservator General of Forests. (2019). Progress reports of the Conservator General of Forests, 2011–2019. Forest Conservation Department.
Dayananda, K. J. T. (1987). Social forestry gaining ground. The Sri Lanka Forester, 18(1–2), 40–51.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2001). State of the world's forests 2001.
Forest Conservation Department. (2019). General performance reports, 2011–2019.
Forest Department. (2005). Forest cover assessment of Sri Lanka.
Forest Department. (2021). National forest resources assessment of Sri Lanka.
Global Forest Watch. (2024). Sri Lanka deforestation rates and statistics. World Resources Institute.
Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., & Gunatilleke, C. V. S. (1983). Conservation of natural forests in Sri Lanka. The Sri Lanka Forester, 16(1–2), 39–56.
Habib, M., Fitriawan, D., & Harada, K. (2025). Understanding encroachment typologies through remote sensing and socio-economic analysis: Enhancing national park management in Kerinci Seblat National Park, Indonesia. Environmental Management, 75(10), 2763–2776. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-025-02218-x
International Union for Conservation of Nature, & Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Sri Lanka. (2012). The 2012 red list of threatened fauna and flora of Sri Lanka. Ministry of Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Land Use Policy Planning Department. (2019). Land use and land cover of Sri Lanka - 2019. Government of Sri Lanka.
Legg, C., & Jewell, N. (1995). A 1:50,000-scale forest map of Sri Lanka: The basis for a national forest geographic information system. The Sri Lanka Forester, (Special Issue), 3–24.
Mian, M. M., Khan, M. B., & Baten, M. A. (2013). Impacts of Madhupur National Park on local peoples' livelihood. Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, 5(2), 63–66. https://doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14603
Ministry of Agriculture, Lands and Forestry, Sri Lanka. (1995). National forestry sector master plan.
Mohd Noor, M. N. H., Kadir, R., & Muhamad, S. (2020). Illegal logging and forest offences in Peninsular Malaysia: Perceived opportunity factors. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 86–102. https://doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp86-102
Nutakor, E., Marfo, E., & Osei-Tutu, P. O. (2011). Socio-political constraints to the enforcement of forest laws: A case study of chainsaw operations in Ghana. CSIR–Forestry Research Institute of Ghana.
Perera, G. A. D. (2001). The secondary forest situation in Sri Lanka: A review. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 13(4), 768–785.
Perera, W. R. H. (1977). The development of the forest resources of Sri Lanka. The Sri Lanka Forester, 13(1–2), 5–8.
Ranagalage, M., Gunarathna, M. H. J. P., Surasinghe, T. D., Dissanayake, D., Simwanda, M., Murayama, Y., Morimoto, T., Phiri, D., Nyirenda, V. R., Premakantha, K. T., & Sathurusinghe, A. (2020). Multi-decadal forest-cover dynamics in the tropical realm: Past trends and policy insights for forest conservation in dry zone of Sri Lanka. Forests, 11(8), 836. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11080836
Rathnayake, C. W. M., & Soto-Berelov, M. (2021, March 22). Satellite-based assessment of protected-area disturbance in Sri Lanka. Talking Economics, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka.
Sandika, A. L., & Withana, N. R. P. (2012). Economic analysis of chena cultivation in Monaragala District, Sri Lanka. Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium, 15. https://doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v15i0.198
Seneviratne, E. W. (1982). National Forestry Extension Programme. The Sri Lanka Forester, 15(3–4), 103–118.
Senawirathna, E. W. (1982). Sri Lanka Forester, 15(3–4). National Forestry Extension Programme.
Survey Department, Sri Lanka. (2015). 1:50,000 topographic and forest cover maps [Map].
United Nations. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights.
Uzair, M. A., Azizan, M. U., Tham, S. B., Raid, M. M., Mohammad, M. T. S., Hussin, K., Megat Abd Rahman, M. M. G., & Nadzri, M. I. (2017). Global food demand, population growth, and forest cover change. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 15(1), 22–31.

Weerawardana, N. D. R. (1999). Natural regeneration of some dry zone forest species assisted by silvicultural management in dry zone woodland at Dambulla. The Sri Lanka Forester, 23(3–4), 7–17.